Paragraphs to be taken up by the contact group on enhanced action on the provision of financial resources and investment (Non-paper No. 34, annex 12)
1. The scale of financial flows to support adaptation in developing countries must be [at least USD 67 billion] [within a minimum range of USD 5086 billion] [in the range of USD 70140 billion] [at least [0.5] [0.7] [1.5] per cent of the GDP of [developed country Parties] [Annex I Parties] in line with their commitments in Article 4.3] per year [by 2020] [from 2012] and be regularly updated in the light of new emerging science, financial estimates and the degree of emission reductions achieved.
2. Sources of financial support for [adaptation] [the Convention Adaptation Fund] [shall] [may] include:
(a) Assessed contributions from developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention, taking into account [their adaptation debt and] the need for MRV;
(b) Auctioning of assigned amounts and/or emission allowances from developed country Parties;
(c) [Levies on carbon dioxide emissions from Annex I Parties in a position to do so;]
(d) [Taxes on carbon-intensive products and services from Annex I Parties;]
(e) [[Levies on] [Shares of proceeds from measures to limit or reduce emissions from] international aviation, in the order of USD 45 per international airline ticket, and maritime transport;]
(f) [Shares of proceeds on [the clean development mechanism (CDM), and extension of shares of proceeds to joint implementation and emissions trading] [the flexibility mechanism];]
(g) Levies on international transactions among Annex I Parties;
(h) Fines for non-compliance of Annex I Parties and with commitments of Annex I Parties and Parties with commitments inscribed in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Parties);
(i) [Additional ODA] [ODA additional to ODA targets] [provided through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels (in accordance with Article 11.5 of the Convention)];
(j) Provision of resources in accordance with Article 11.5 of the Convention;
(k) A levy of 2 per cent on capital transfers between entities in Annex I Parties to be collected by the Annex I Party concerned and remitted in full to the Convention Adaptation Fund.
