Mitigation goals (including those relating to emissions, GHG concentrations and temperature rise)
15. Parties recognize that in this context greenhouse gas emissions must be stabilized as far as possible below 350 ppmv CO2 eq, with temperature increases limited to as far as possible below 1.5 ºC above pre-industrial levels; hence global emissions must peak by 2015, and then be reduced by more than 85 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050.
16. Economy-wide emission reductions by all countries shall be set as a stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at 350 ppm carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) and a temperature increase below 2ºC above the pre-industrial level. For this purpose, Parties shall collectively reduce global emissions by at least 45 per cent from 1990 levels by 2020 and by at least 95 per cent from 1990 levels by 2050.
17. To stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate, the Parties recognize that the global temperature increase should be limited to 2 °C above the pre-industrial level.
18. In accordance with scientific findings, this implies that the aggregate greenhouse gas emissions by developed country Parties shall be reduced by [2540] per cent by 2020 compared with 1990. Emissions from developing country Parties shall collectively deviate significantly from business as usual by [1530] per cent by 2020. The global greenhouse gas emissions should peak by 2015.
19. Parties shall further collectively reduce global emissions by 5085 per cent by 2050 compared
with the 2000 level. These collective obligations should be adjusted in accordance with best available scientific information, including the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC.
20. The ultimate objective of the Convention [shall] be achieved through a long-term global goal for emissions reductions with a view to stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at [xxxppm] by 20xx so as to reduce the probability of a rise in global temperature rise greater than [x °C]. In this regard, global greenhouse gas emissions should peak by [20xx] and decrease thereafter. To this end, developed country Parties and other Parties included in Annex I to the Convention, as a group, [shall/should] reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by [25-40] per cent from 1990 levels by 2020.
Supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity-building from developed country Parties
and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention, the greenhouse gas emissions of Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention [shall][should], as a group, significantly deviate from baselines by 2020.
21. The objective of [this Agreement] [the Parties] is to achieve an environmentally sound response to climate change through effective implementation of the Convention, with a view to achieving its ultimate objective, as provided in its Article 2, by stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gases at 450 ppm CO2 eq or lower, through unified long-term action that sets the world on a path to peak global emissions by [X] and then reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by X per cent by [X] on [X] levels.
